Pronoun & Kinds of Pronoun

Pronoun

Pronoun is a word which is used in place of noun. For example,  Quaid-e-Azam is our national hero. He was born is Karachi.

اسم ضمیر  ایک ایسا لفظ ہے جو اسم کی جگہ استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ مثال کے طور پر،  قائداعظم ہمارے قومی ہیرو ہیں۔ وہ کراچی میں پیدا ہوئے۔

Kinds of Pronoun

Personal Pronoun

I, we, you, he, she, it, they are called personal pronoun because they stand for three persons.

Table Of Personal Pronouns

Nominative case

Possessive case

Objective case

First person

Iمیں

Myمیرا

Meمیرے لیے

We ہم

Ourہمارا

Usہمارے لیے

Second person

Youتم

Yourتمہارا

Youتمہارے لیے

Third person

Heوہ(مذکر)

Hisاس کا

Himاس کے لیے

Sheوہ (مونث)

Herاس کا

Her اس کے لیے

Itوہ(بے جان)

Itsاس کا

Itاس کے لیے

Theyوہ (جمع)

Theirان کا

Themان کے لیے

Possessive Adjectives from Pronoun

The forms my, our, your, her, their are called  Possessive Adjectives because they are used with nouns and do the work of adjectives; as

میرا ، ہمارا ، آپ کا، ان کا ، انھیں Possessive Adjectives کہا جاتا ہے کیونکہ وہ اسم کے ساتھ استعمال ہوتے ہیں اور اسم صفت کا کام کرتے ہیں۔ جیسے

This is my book. Those are your books. That is her book.

Reflexive Pronoun

We use Reflexive pronoun when the action done by the subject turns back upon the subject. e.g. He injured himself.

جب کام واپس فاعل کی طرف لوٹے تو ہم Reflexive pronoun استعمال کرتے ہیں۔ جیسے اس نے خود کو زخمی کردیا۔

Formation of Reflexive Pronoun

We make reflexive pronoun by adding “self/selves” to my, our, your, him, her, their, it.

My+self

=

Myself

میں خود

Our+selves

=

Ourselves

ہم  خود

Your+self

=

Yourself

تم خود

Her+self

=

Herself

وہ خود

Him+self

=

Himself

وہ خود

Them+selves

=

Themselves

وہ خود

It+self

=

Itself

وہ خود

Demonstrative Pronouns

The pronouns that are used to point out the object to which they refer are called demonstrative pronoun. e.g.

وہ اسم ضمیر جو اس چیز کی طرف اشارہ  کریں جس کی نشاندہی کرنے کے لئے استعمال ہوتے ہیں وہ demonstrative pronoun کہلاتے ہیں۔ جیسے

This book is mine. What was that noise? All such people ought to be avoided.

Indefinite Pronouns

The pronouns which refer to persons or things in general way, but do not refer to any person or thing in particular way are called Indefinite Pronouns. e.g.

اسم ضمیر جو افراد یا چیزوں کے بارے میں عام انداز میں  بات کرتے  ہیں ، اورکسی بھی شخص یا چیز کو  خاص طور پر حوالہ نہیں دیتے ہیں ان کو Indefinite Pronouns کہا جاتا ہے۔ جیسے

I will take you there one day. He is a man of few words. Some milk was spilt.

Interrogative Pronoun

Interrogative pronouns are used for asking questions. Like the words when, where, which, who, how, whom, why are Interrogative Pronoun. e.g.

سوال پوچھنے کے لئے Interrogative pronouns کا استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔ جیسے الفاظ ، کب ، کہاں ، کون ، کون سا ، کیسے ، کس کو ،کیوں ، Interrogative pronouns ہیں۔ جیسے

Who is there? What is the matter? who was speaking?

Distributive Pronouns

The pronouns which refer to persons or things one at a time are called Distributive Pronoun. Each, either, neither, one. e.g.

اسم ضمیر جو افراد یا چیزوں کا ایک وقت میں  ایک چیز یا فرد کا حوالہ دیتے ہیں وہ Distributive Pronoun کہلاتے ہیں۔ ہر ایک ، یا تو ، ایک بھی نہیں۔ جیسے

Each of the men received a reward. Each took it in turn. Either of you can go.

Relative Pronoun

A relative pronoun is a pronoun that introduces a relative clause. It is called a "relative" pronoun because it "relates" to the word that it modifies. e.g.

وہ اسم ضمیر  جو متعلقہ clause کو متعارف کراتا ہے۔ اسے " “relative pronounکہا جاتا ہے کیونکہ یہ فاعل کو آنے والی clauseسے جوڑتا ہے۔ جیسے

The person who phoned me last night is my teacher. In the above example, "who": relates to "person", which it modifies introduces the relative clause "who phoned me last night"

There are five relative pronouns: who, whom, whose, which, that Who (subject) and whom (object) are generally only for people. Whose is for possession. Which is for things. In non-defining relative clauses, that is used for things. In defining relative clauses (clauses that are essential to the sentence and do not simply add extra information) that can be used for things and people.

Muhammad Awais (M.A English P.U, M.Ed)

) 0345-4521350

Posted in: English Grammar